<div data-slate-type="paragraph"><strong data-slate-type="bold">भारत के प्रमुख शहरों के संस्थापक</strong></div><div data-slate-type="paragraph"></div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">1. कोलकाता - जॉब चरनाकी</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">2. मुंबई - ओनाल्ड ऑगिया</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">3. भोपाल - राजा भोज</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">4. नई दिल्ली - एडविन लुटियंस</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">5. आगरा - सिकंदर लोदी</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">6. इंदौर - अहिल्या बाई</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">7. धार - राजा भोज</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">8. तुगलकाबाद - मोहम्मद तुगलक</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">9. जयपुर - सवाई राजा जय सिंह</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">10. सागर {एमपी} - उदलशय</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">11. लखनऊ - आसफुद्दौला</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">12. इलाहाबाद – अकबर</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">13. झांसी-वीर सिंह जूदेव</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">14. अजमेर - अजयराज सिंह</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">15. उदयपुर - राणा उदय सिंह</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">16. टाटानगर - जमशेदजी टाटा</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">17. भरतपुर - राजा सूरज माली</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">18. कुम्भलगढ़ - राजा कुम्भ</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">19. पटना - उदयानी</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">20. मुंगेर - चंद्रगुप्त मौर्य</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">21. नालंदा - राजा धर्मपाल:</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">22. रायपुर - ब्रह्मदेवी</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">23. दुर्ग - जगतपाली</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph"></div><div data-slate-type="paragraph"></div><div data-slate-type="paragraph"><strong data-slate-type="bold">Founder of major cities of India</strong></div><div data-slate-type="paragraph"></div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">1. Kolkata - Job Charnak</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">2. Mumbai - Onald Augia</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">3. Bhopal - Raja Bhoj</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">4. New Delhi - Edwin Lutyens</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">5. Agra - Alexander Lodi</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">6. Indore - Ahilya Bai</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">7. Dhar - Raja Bhoj</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">8. Tughlakabad - Mohammad Tughlaq</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">9. Jaipur - Sawai Raja Jai Singh</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">10. Sagar {MP} - Udalshay</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">11. Lucknow - Asafuddaula</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">12. Allahabad - Akbar</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">13. Jhansi -Vir Singh Judeo</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">14. Ajmer - Ajayraj Singh</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">15. Udaipur - Rana Uday Singh</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">16. Tatanagar - Jamsetji Tata</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">17. Bharatpur - King Suraj Mal</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">18. Kumbhalgarh - King Kumbha</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">19. Patna - Udayan</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">20. Munger - Chandragupta Maurya</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">21. Nalanda - King Dharmapala</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">22. Raipur - Brahmadev</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">23. Durg - Jagatpal</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">24. Dehradun - King Jaunsar Babar</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">25. Puri - Gang Chola</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">26. Dwarka - Shankaracharya</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">27. Jammu - King Jammu Lochan</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">28. Poona - Shah Ji Bhosle</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">29. Hyderabad - Quli Qutb Shah</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">30. Amritsar - Guru Ramdas</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph">31. Delhi - Annantpal Tomar</div><div data-slate-type="paragraph"></div>

भारत के प्रमुख शहरों के संस्थापकों के नाम (Names of founder of major cities of India)- SSC, Railway exams

भारत के प्रमुख शहरों के संस्थापक 908675637W8MSJ

भारत के प्रमुख शहरों के संस्थापक (Founder of major cities of India)

Current affairs is a very important section in the SSC CGL Tier-1 paper. Keep scrolling to know more about the current affairs in June 2021.

SSC CGL General Awareness Current Affairs June 2021 Part-1

<p>Nowadays, students face fierce competition in competitive exams like SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, UPSC, etc. Every student has a unique set of abilities and potential.</p>



<p>One factor that has a significant impact on a person's score is their habits. The proper practices will help you achieve your goals and benefit you for the rest of your life. These habits also aid you in preparation for competitive exams. Discipline and determination go a long way!</p>
<h3>SSC CGL Exam Date</h3>
<p>The Staff Selection Commission organizes the Combined Graduate Level exam to fill Grade B and Grade C vacancies in various government departments/ministries/offices. The SSC CGL, which was supposed to be conducted from 29-05-2021 to 07-06-2021, got postponed.</p>
<p>The final dates for the SSC CGL Tier-1 exam were released recently. The exam is now set to be conducted in August. The dates for SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, and CISF exams are as follows:</p>

<table style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:960px;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto; background-color: #8197a0;' >
    <thead style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;' >  
        <tr style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:#f4f7f8;background-image:none;background-repeat:repeat;background-position:top left;background-attachment:scroll;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#FFF;margin-bottom:5px;' >  
            <th scope='col' style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:400;background-color:#8a97a0;background-image:none;background-repeat:repeat;background-position:top left;background-attachment:scroll;color:#FFF;' >
                S. No
            </th>  
            <th scope='col' style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:400;background-color:#8a97a0;background-image:none;background-repeat:repeat;background-position:top left;background-attachment:scroll;color:#FFF;' >
                Examination
            </th>
            <th scope='col' style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:400;background-color:#8a97a0;background-image:none;background-repeat:repeat;background-position:top left;background-attachment:scroll;color:#FFF;' >
                Revised Dates
            </th>  
        </tr>  
    </thead>  
     
    <tbody style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;' >

        <tr style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:#f4f7f8;background-image:none;background-repeat:repeat;background-position:top left;background-attachment:scroll;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#FFF;margin-bottom:5px;' >
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                1.
            </td>
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                Combined Graduate Level Exam Tier-1 2020 	
            </td>
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                13.08.2021-24.08.2021
            </td>
        </tr>
        
        <tr style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:#f4f7f8;background-image:none;background-repeat:repeat;background-position:top left;background-attachment:scroll;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#FFF;margin-bottom:5px;' >
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                2.
            </td>
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                Combined Higher Secondary Level Exam Tier-1 2020	
            </td>
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                04.08.2021-12.08.2021
            </td>
        </tr>
        
        <tr style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:#f4f7f8;background-image:none;background-repeat:repeat;background-position:top left;background-attachment:scroll;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#FFF;margin-bottom:5px;' >
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                3.
            </td>
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                Sub-Inspector in Delhi Police, CAPFs and ASI in CISF (Paper-2)	
            </td>
            <td style='-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;font-weight:300;' >
                26.07.2021
            </td>
        </tr>

    </tbody>
</table>

<p>As the SSC CGL exam inches closer, the students will be rushing to finish the syllabus and solve as many mock tests as possible.</p>
<p>This article will talk about some of the habits that every aspirant should instill in their lives. Let’s dive right in!</p>


<ol>
    <b>
        <li>Make an optimum schedule</li>
    </b>
    <p>To those of you late sleepers, even if you're sick of hearing it and your mother undoubtedly tells you this every day, getting up early is highly beneficial, especially for students. Mothers are consistently correct! Several studies have found that success is closely related to waking early. </p>
        <p>Some people may get good grades despite sleeping late, but that is an exception, not the rule. Now, after waking up early, you should plan your schedule in such a way that you can make the most of it. It should look something like this:</p>
        <ul>
            <li>Divide your hours between three things; studying, sleeping, and all other activities that include bathing, eating, taking breaks, etc. </li>
            <li>Many people make the mistake of packing their schedules to the point that they are impossible to follow. </li>
            <li>It would be best if you left time for short breaks so that your mind doesn’t get puzzled.</li>
            <li>Divide your study hours among all subjects so that you don’t lose touch with any of them. </li>
            <li>Your study time is just for studying. Eradicate all distractions, and don’t let anything divert your attention. </li>
        </ul>
    <b>
        <li>Don’t daydream</li>
    </b>
    <p>When you are a student preparing for a competitive exam, your studies take up most of your time. It is also natural for your mind to wander. You may begin to fantasize about obtaining AIR 1 and landing your dream job. But dreams don't work unless you do!</p>
    <p>Obviously, a student's end goal is a source of ultimate inspiration for them. But this merely wastes time, time that could be spent on lessons. Instead of daydreaming, channel your energy into studying more to make your aspirations a reality. If you find yourself losing focus, take a break and return to your studies with a fresh mind.</p>
    <b>
        <li>Rely on your peer group for motivation</li>
    </b>
    <p>Having a group of friends who all have the same purpose can be pretty advantageous. Talk to them about their progress, give tests, and compare your scores. This way, you can keep track of each other's progress and encourage one another to learn more. Because if you see your peers succeed, then it will fuel your motivation too!</p>
    <p>When colleges and coaching centers close in the Covid era, pupils cannot meet new people who have the same aims in the classroom. So, you should find competition around you! Make friends who you can look up to. Be a part of a peer group that pushes you while keeping you focused on your studies. Your preparation journey will be much more fun and more accessible with a study partner by your side! </p>
    <b>
        <li>Make short-term targets</li>
    </b>
    <p>Every aspirant has a long-term aim. Everything you accomplish is a step closer to that goal. But you have to make daily targets as well; otherwise, everything gets haphazard. Even when you study all day, you will find yourself clueless about what you did if you don’t have a target set. Remember that smaller goals lead to a bigger purpose!</p>
    <p>Don’t think that you have to get to the top of the class in one go. Simply concentrate on broadening your academic horizons. If you have an hour to study a subject, set a goal and finish it in that time. You must set goals based on your abilities. Set realistic and attainable goals while continuing to progress every day. Set a bar for yourself and constantly work till you reach that level of improvement. </p>
    <b>
        <li>Be true to yourself</li>
    </b>
    <p>I am a college student who has studied for competitive tests. So I can imagine how much stress and strain students might put on themselves. However, being under such duress is not healthy. It has an impact on your mental health, which in turn affects your education. In this instance, it is critical to be truthful with oneself.</p>
    <p>Admit to yourself that you need a break. Admit all the shortcomings and mistakes you made and learn from them. Sometimes students give fake assurance to their parents to not worry them. But don’t lie to yourself. Be honest with yourself that you need to improve and work towards it with a newfound enthusiasm. </p>
    <b>
        <li>Revision is key</li>
    </b>
    <p>Revision is the only thing that will help you pass the SSC CGL exam or any other competitive exam. When you finish one topic, you go on to the next. Then you move on to the next one, and so on. What happens to the old ones while you learn new ones? To stay in contact with them, you must continually revise them. Otherwise, your grip on those things will begin to slip.</p>
    <p>Several students leave revision till the last minute, causing many topics to build up. When you review too many things at once, the concepts can become jumbled. Do not save the revision for the last month. Do a little bit of it every day. With revision and tonnes of practice questions, your confidence will skyrocket, and you will be more excited than ever!</p>
    <b>
        <li>Take advantage of online resources</li>
    </b>
    <p>Everything can now be done or discovered online thanks to the digitization of the entire world. And the education industry has not lagged behind. It is also making significant progress in the digital realm and has come a long way. Everything you need to study for examinations, from study materials to tests, is available online. And these resources are far too valuable to be squandered.</p>
    <p>Nowadays, everyone has a smartphone, and you should make full use of it. Here are some resources that will help you to learn more effectively:</p>
    <ul>
        <li>There are lecture videos, previous year’s papers, mock tests, study materials, books, and so much more. </li>
        <li>You can join study groups on social media platforms like Discord, Telegram, and WhatsApp. These online forums aim to help you build efficient study habits while also providing a wholesome support system. </li>
        <li>You can enroll in online courses. You will be taught by the best teachers, who will assist you every step of the way.</li>
        <li>You can find motivational and educational blogs online. You can find information about almost everything on Google!</li>
    </ul>
    <p>To get daily updates about practice problems, join our <a href="https://t.me/ExamLoungePreparation" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Telegram group</a> and <a href="https://chat.whatsapp.com/Kul0XKo6KRSANffxM8nVX0" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">WhatsApp group.</a></p>
    <p>But it is easy to get distracted while using your mobile. You should apply complete abstinence when it comes to things that can distract you. If you are using social media, then don’t let it harm your education. </p>
    <b>
        <li>Don’t start slacking in extra time</li>
    </b>
    <p>Many competitive exams, including SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, and UPSC, were postponed last year. This provided students with far more time to prepare. It was a blessing in disguise for some. However, some students began to slack off and become sluggish. Don't think you have plenty of time to prepare because it will fly past very quickly. Consider it more time for you to succeed and learn. </p>
    <p>If you begin to slack off, keep in mind that all of the other aspirants are learning more by the second. And if you take your eyes off the ball, they will leave you behind. We've all heard the ending of the store of the rabbit and the turtle! Make the most of your extra time by revising and studying more. Don't worry about postponing because you have no control over it. What you can control is the amount of time you devote to studying.</p>
    <b>
        <li>Stay active</li>
    </b>
    <p>Being a student requires you to sit at a desk all day to study. This might cause stiffness in your spine and muscular discomfort. Sitting in one posture for an extended period can also make you sleepy. As a result, students must remain active. Get up and walk around your room for a few minutes. This will improve your blood circulation and give you more energy. </p>
    <p>In fact, all of you should exercise every day in the morning. Working out every day has numerous health benefits. People have found that exercising daily or going for a run helped them to clear their minds. It is a way to release stress and improve concentration. Staying active also increases the release of endorphins, which keeps you in a happy mood! </p>
    <b>
        <li>Take a break!</li>
    </b>
    <p>By now, you are probably fully motivated to apply all these habits in your life. You'll start making a list of things you need to accomplish, such as creating a study timetable, setting short-term goals, discovering online study groups, scheduling fitness sessions, and so on. But, in all of this excitement, don't forget to do one of the most crucial things: take a much-needed break! </p>
    <p>Your brain will not work to its full potential if it is tired. Your power to understand things will slow down. When studying, use the 90-10 rule. Study for 90 minutes, then take a 10-minute break to clear your mind. You can relax by listening to light music, spending time with your family, or meditating. Avoid doing anything that could distract you, such as watching videos or movies. Just keep it light. Sit back, relax, and allow your mind to recharge!</p>
</ol>

It is vital to stay motivated while preparing for competitive exams like SSC CGL, etc. And some minor changes in your schedule can take you a long way!

10 Little Changes that'll Make a Big Difference in SSC CGL Exam

Daily, weekly, and monthly, current affairs with practice problems for competitive government exams like SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, RRB, UPSC, etc.

SSC CGL General Awareness Current Affairs June 2021 Part-3

<p>Current affairs are everyday events that occur all over the world. They are an essential component of competitive government exams such as SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, railway, UPSC, etc. It always pays off to be up to date on global events.</p>
<p>We are here to provide you with monthly current affairs to make sure you are fully prepared for any upcoming exams. To receive daily practice problems and quizzes, follow our <a href="https://t.me/ExamLoungePreparation" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Telegram Channel</a> and <a href="https://chat.whatsapp.com/Kul0XKo6KRSANffxM8nVX0" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">WhatsApp Group.</a></p>
<p>The following are the current affairs for June related to sports, politics, science, entertainment, important days, events, and national and international news.</p>
<ol>
    <b>
        <li>Jodie Foster is to be honored with Palme d’Or at the 2021 Cannes Film Festival.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>Pakistan holds military exercise ‘Taskheer-e-Jabal’ in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>African Union suspends Mali after military coup & threatens sanctions.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>World Bicycle Day is celebrated on June 3.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>Indian Council of Medical Research, ICMR has approved a second home-based Rapid Antigen Test kit named “PanBio COVID-19”. </li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>Abbott Rapid Diagnostics Division Chicago, developed this kit. </li>
        <li>Earlier, ICMR had given its approval to the “CoviSelf test kit,” which was developed by Pune-based Mylab Discovery Solutions.</li>
    </ul>


    <div style='background-color: #f4f7f8;border: 2px solid #8197a0; border-radius: 20px; padding: 20px;'>
        If you are thinking of attempting SSC CGL, here is <a href="https://www.examlounge.com/blogs/A-Guide-to-SSC-CGL-exam-2021-625720254FC9PT">A Beginner’s Guide to SSC CGL</a>, which includes the exam pattern, syllabus, eligibility, vacancies, etc. 
    </div>


    <b>
        <li>China successfully launched its first satellite of a new generation meteorological satellite into the planned orbit.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>This satellite, named Fengyun-4B (FY-48), will be used for weather analysis, environmental and disaster monitoring. </li>
        <li>Fengyun-48, this satellite was launched by Long March-3B rocket from Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in Sichuan Province.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>NITI Aayog released the third edition of the Sustainable Development Index for 2020-2021, evaluating the progress of states and Union Territories concerning social, economic, and environmental parameters.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>In the index, Kerala has retained the top rank with a score of 75.</li>
        <li>Bihar, Jharkhand, and Assam were the worst performers.</li>
        <li>Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu retained the second spot with a score of 74.</li>
        <li>Chandigarh retained the top spot among UTs with a score of 79. Delhi follows it with a score of 68.</li>
        <li>In terms of score improvement, Mizoram, Haryana, and Uttarakhand are the top gainers in 2020-21 who have gained 12, 10, and 8 points, respectively, compared to the index of 2019-2020.</li>
        <li>India’s overall SDG (Sustainable Development Goal) score had increased from 60 in 2019 to 66 in 2020-21. </li>
        <li>This increase is driven by good performance in SDG goal 6 (clean water and sanitation) and SDG goal 7 (affordable and clean energy).</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>US House of Representatives has reintroduced bipartisan legislation to eliminate the per-country cap on the employment-based green card. </li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>This legislation is called the “EAGLE Act” and was introduced to benefit Indian IT professionals waiting for a green card for decades.</li>
        <li>EAGLE Act is called as “Equal Access to Green cards for Legal Employment Act.”</li>
        <li>It proposes to phase out the limit of seven percent per country on employment-based immigrant visas. </li>
        <li>It also seeks to raise the seven percent per-country limit to 15 percent on family-sponsored visas.</li>
        <li>Due to the existing cap, a person from a large-population country like India with extraordinary qualifications, who could contribute to the US economy & create jobs, waits behind a person with lesser qualifications from a small country. </li>
        <li>Thus, new legislation will reduce waiting time for Indian professionals.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>India launched a global initiative, ‘Mission Innovation CleanTech Exchange,’ intending to create a network of incubators in member countries to boost clean energy innovation. </li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>Mission was launched virtually at “Innovating to Net Zero Summit, 2021″ organized by Chile.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Hyderabad has developed nano-fiber-based oral tablets of Amphotericin B, called AmB.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>Amphotericin B tablets are nano-fiber-based oral medicine used to treat fungal infections, currently spreading in India post COVID treatment.</li>
        <li>IIT Hyderabad researchers decided to keep this technology free of intellectual property rights and are ready for technology transfer to produce AmB tablets at a mass level.</li>
        <li>This medicine is reportedly cheaper, higher AmB absorption, and less Nephrotoxicity.</li>
        <li>AmB was earlier available in injectable form only.</li>
    </ul>

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    <b>
        <li>Social Justice and Empowerment Minister, Thaawar Chand Gehlot, will launch the Senior care Ageing Growth Engine or SAGE project on June 4, 2021.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>SAGE project will be launched to select, support, and create “one-stop access” to elderly care products and services provided by credible start-ups.</li>
        <li>Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment will be the facilitator to enable the elderly to access products through these identified and verified start-ups.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>(SEBI) has increased overseas investment limit for local mutual funds.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>With this, mutual funds can make overseas investments to a maximum of US $ 1 billion per Mutual Fund out of the overall industry limit of US $ 7 billion.</li>
        <li>While in overseas Exchange Traded Fund, mutual funds can invest a maximum of US $ 300 million per Mutual Fund with an industry limit of US $ 1 billion.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression observed on June 4.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>Parliament of Denmark has approved plans for an artificial island that will house 35,000 people and help protect Copenhagen’s port from rising sea levels.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>This giant island called Lynette Holm Island would have an area of 1 sq. mile and would be connected to the mainland through ring roads, tunnels, and metro lines. </li>
        <li>Plans include the construction of a dam system across its perimeter. /li>
        <li>This dam will help in protecting the harbor from rising sea levels and storms.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>Raimona reserve forest in Kokrajhar district has been upgraded to the sixth national park of Assam. </li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>This forest comes under Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) across the border with Bhutan. </li>
        <li>Assam has five national parks-</li>
        <ol>
            <li>Kaziranga National Park,</li>
            <li>Manas National Park,</li>
            <li>Nameri National Park,</li>
            <li>Orang National Park, and</li>
            <li>Dibru-Saikhowa National Park.</li>
        </ol>
    </ul>

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    <b>
        <li>SIDBI, on behalf of the government, invites bids from consultants to help set up a Rs 20,000 crore DFI called National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NaBFID).</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>According to the State of India’s Environment Report 2021, India’s rank has dropped by two places to 117 compared to 2020 ranking on 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>SDG goals were adopted as a part of the 2030 agenda by 193 United Nations member states in 2015.</li>
        <li>In 2020, India’s rank was 115 and had dropped by two places because of major challenges about SDG2, SDG 5, and SDG 9.</li>
        <li>India was ranked below four South Asian countries- Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.v</li>
        <li>India attained an overall SDG score of 61.9 out of 100.</li>
        <li>As per the report, Jharkhand & Bihar are least prepared to meet SDGs by 2030.</li>
        <li>Jharkhand lags in five SDGs while Bihar lags on seven factors.</li>
        <li>States and UTs with the best overall score are Kerala, Himachal Pradesh, and Chandigarh. </li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) Day is celebrated on June 6.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>Interpol launches a global database named “I-Familia” to identify missing persons through family DNA.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>UN celebrates Russian Language Day on June 6.</li>
    </b>

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    <b>
        <li>21.	Education Minister, Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, approved the Performance Grading Index (PGI) 2019-20.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>PGI provides grading to States and Union Territories based on 70 parameters to assess and catalyze transformational change in education.</li>
        <li>Five states & union territories, namely Chandigarh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, and Kerala, attained the highest grade (Grade A++) for 2019-20.</li>
        <li>This year, five states attained a Level II score of 901-950, Grade A or 1++.</li>
        <li>Ladakh was graded for the first time and was placed in Grade VII.</li>
        <li>Meghalaya attained a score of 601-650, which is Grade VI.</li>
        <li>Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Punjab, and Arunachal Pradesh improved their score by 20%.</li>
        <li>Eleven states or UTs have improved their score by 10% – 20%.</li>
        <li>Ten states, including Karnataka & Delhi, have improved their score by 5% to 10%.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>Sifan Hassan of the Netherlands sets women’s 10,000m world record of 29 min 6.82 sec.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>Red Bull driver Sergio Perez wins Formula One Azerbaijan Grand Prix in Baku.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>Chief Minister of Haryana, Manohar Lal Khattar, announced to create 80 acres of ‘Oxi-van’ (a forest) in the Karnal district. It was announced on the occasion of World Environment Day on June 5, 2021. Oxi-van will consist of 10 types of forests.</li>
    </b>
    <b>
        <li>World Ocean Day is observed globally on June 8, 2021, under the theme- ‘The Ocean: Life and Livelihoods.’ </li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>The day is observed annually on June 8. </li>
        <li>The day provides governments worldwide an opportunity to inform people about the impact of economic activities and human actions on the ocean.</li>
    </ul>

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    </div>

    <b>
        <li>Delhi government launched a vaccination campaign, ‘Jahan Vote, Wahan Vaccination,’ to vaccinate the people of Delhi against Covid-19. </li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>Under the campaign, people aged 45 and above will be given the vaccine at the polling booths.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>Income Tax Department is set to launch its new ITR e-filing portal, which taxpayers can access through a website called “www.incometax.gov.in.” </li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>Income Tax Department will launch the ITR e-filing portal to provide a modern, seamless, and more convenient experience to taxpayers.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>Recently, the Group of Seven (G7) advanced economies signed a landmark deal on taxing multinational companies.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>As per the deal, the minimum global tax rate would be at least 15 percent.</li>
        <li>The agreement was signed by finance ministers of the United Kingdom, United States, Germany, Canada, France, Italy, and Japan. </li>
        <li>It opens the way for levies on multinational companies in countries where they operate rather than just where they are headquartered.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>Russian President Vladimir Putin recently signed a law formalizing Russia’s withdrawal from Open Skies Treaty after the United States withdrew from the pact in 2020.</li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>Open Skies Treaty is an international treaty signed in 2002 that allowed nations to collect information on one another’s military forces to increase transparency. v</li>
        <li>Thirty-four countries are party to the treaty at present.</li>
        <li>The United States withdrew from the pact in November 2020 after accusing Russia of violating it.</li>
    </ul>
    <b>
        <li>World Bank has approved a USD 500 million programs to boost the MSME sector in India. </li>
    </b>
    <ul>
        <li>World Bank Programme called “USD 500 million Raising and Accelerating Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) Performance (RAMP) Program” aims to improve the performance of five lakh 50 thousand MSMEs.</li>
    </ul>
</ol>

Staying up-to-date on the latest development around the world is very important. Here is a recap of current affairs in June.

SSC CGL General Awareness Current Affairs June 2021 Part-2

The SSC has set eligibility criteria to decide who is qualified for appearing in the exam. Keep reading to read about them in detail.

SSC CGL 2021 Eligibility Criteria

<p>Welcome to Day 75 of the 75 Day plan for SSC CHSL <a href="https://www.examlounge.com/blogs/75-Days-Study-Plan-SSC-CHSL-2020" target="_self"><strong><em>(Click here)</em></strong></a>.  For FREE  Chapter Tests and Weekly Mock Test in Hindi and English <em><ins>(</ins></em><a href="https://examlounge.com/tests?selectedExam=SSC_CHSL" target="_blank"><strong><em><ins>Visit here</ins></em></strong></a><em><ins>)</ins></em>. The plan is curated by 10+ years of Experienced Faculty of Maths, GK, English, Reasoning and Vocabulary.<br><br>To get daily updates about practice problems join our <a href="https://t.me/ExamLoungePreparation" target="_blank"><strong><em><ins>Telegram group </ins></em></strong></a> and <a href="https://chat.whatsapp.com/DsUbE6zjX4bEnl5QytvRv6" target="_blank"><strong><em><ins>WhatsApp group</ins></em></strong></a> .</p>
<p></p>
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<h3>Quantitative Aptitude Day 75</h3>
<ul>
<li dir = "auto"><strong>Topic</strong>: Geometry</li>
<li dir = "auto"><strong>Practice Problem</strong>:   <a href="https://www.examlounge.com/blogs/Geometry-Practice-Questions-SSC-CHSL-657000644HNQPM" target="_self"><em><ins>Download Pdf </ins></em></a>&nbsp;</li>
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</ul>
<h3>General Awareness Day 75</h3>
<ul>
<li dir = "auto"><strong>Topic</strong>: Current Affairs</li>
<li dir = "auto"><strong>Practice Problem</strong>:   <a href="https://www.examlounge.com/blogs/Current-Affairs-Practice-Questions-SSC-CGL-270038971HJKYR" target="_self"><em><ins>Download Pdf </ins></em></a>&nbsp;</li>
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</ul>
<h3>English Language Day 75</h3>
<p>Revision</p>
<ul>
<li dir = "auto"><strong>Chapter Test:</strong> <a href="https://examlounge.com/tests?selectedExam=SSC_CHSL" target="_blank"><em><ins>Take Test </ins></em></a>&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
<h3>General Intelligence Day 75</h3>
<ul>
<li dir = "auto"><strong>Topic</strong>: Analogy (Non-Verbal)</li>
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</ul>
<h3>Vocabulary Day 75</h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>Topic</strong>:   Word Meaning, One-word Substitution, Idioms and Phrases</li>
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</ul>

Detailed Daily Plan for SSC CHSL 2020. Daily Practice Problem, Chapter Tests, Reading Material for SSC CHSL and SSC CGL 2020

Day 75 | SSC CHSL 2020

<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<ul>
    <li ><a href="#introduction" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Introduction</a></li>
    <li ><a href="#tenets-buddhism" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Tenets of Buddhism</a></li>
    <li><a href="#buddhist-texts" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Major Buddhist texts</a></li>
    <li><a href="#buddhist-councils" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Buddhist councils</a></li>
    <li><a href="#schools-buddhism" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Schools of Buddhism</a></li>
    <li><a href="#spread-buddhism" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Spread of Buddhism</a></li>
    <li><a href="#contribution-buddhism" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 209);">Contribution of Buddhism to Indian culture</a></li>
</ul>

<h2 id="introduction" style="scroll-margin-top: 100px;">Introduction</h2>
<ul>
    <li>Buddhism started in India over 2,600 years ago as a way of life that could transform a person.</li>
    <li>It is one of the important religions of South and South-Eastern Asian countries.</li>
    <li>The religion is based upon the teachings, life experiences of its founder Siddhartha Gautam, born circa 563 BCE.</li>
    <li>He was born into a royal family of the Sakya clan who ruled from Kapilvastu in <b>Lumbini,</b> which is situated near the Indo-Nepal Border.</li>
    <li>At the age of 29, Gautama left home and rejected his life of riches and embraced a lifestyle of <b>asceticism</b> or extreme self-discipline.</li>
    <li>After 49 consecutive days of meditation, Gautama attained <b>Bodhi (enlightenment)</b> under a pipal tree at <b>Bodhgaya, a village in Bihar.</b></li>
    <li>Buddha gave <b>his first sermon in the village of Sarnath</b>, near the city of Benares in UP. This event is known as <b>Dharma-Chakra-Pravartana</b> (turning of the wheel of law).</li>
    <li>He died at the age of 80 in 483 BCE at <b>Kushinagara,</b> a town in UP. The event is known as <b>Mahaparinibban.</b></li>
</ul>

<h2 id="tenets-buddhism" style="scroll-margin-top: 100px;">Tenets of Buddhism</h2>
<p>Buddha asked his followers to avoid the two extremes of indulgence in worldly pleasure and the practice of strict abstinence and asceticism.</p>
<p>He ascribed instead the <b>'Madhyam Marg'</b> or the middle path which was to be followed.</p>
<p>According to him, everyone was responsible for their happiness in life, stressing upon the individualistic component of Buddhism.</p>
<p>The main teachings of Buddhism are encapsulated in the basic concept of four <b>noble truths or ariya-sachchani</b> and <b>eightfold path or ashtanga marga.</b></p>
<h3>Four noble truths:</h3>
<p>Suffering (dukkha) is the essence of the world.<br />
Every suffering has a cause – <b>Samudya.</b><br />
Suffering could be extinguished – <b>Nirodha.</b><br />
It can be achieved by following the <b>Ashtanga Marga (Eight-Fold Path).</b></p>
<p><b>Eight-Fold Path:</b> the path consists of various interconnected activities related to knowledge, conduct, and meditative practices.</p>
<ul>
    <li>Right view</li>
    <li>Right intention</li>
    <li>Right speech</li>
    <li>Right action</li>
    <li>Right livelihood</li>
    <li>Right mindfulness</li>
    <li>Right effort</li>
    <li>Right concentration</li>	
</ul>
	
<p>Dukkha and its extinction are central to the Buddha’s doctrine. Suffering is not limited to the actual pain but also to the potential to experience these things.</p>
<p>The essence of Buddhism is the attainment of enlightenment. It points to a way of life that avoids self-indulgence and self-denial. There is no supreme god or deity in Buddhism.</p>
<p>The ultimate goal of Buddha’s teaching was to attain Nibbana, which was not a place but an experience and could be attained in this life.</p>
<p>Buddha also established a code of conduct for the monastic order and the laymen to follow, also known as the <b>Five Precepts or Pancasila,</b> and refrain from them.</p>
<ul>
    <li>Violence</li>
    <li>Stealing</li>
    <li>Sexual misconduct</li>
    <li>Lying or gossip</li>
    <li>Taking intoxicating substances, like drugs or drinks</li>
</ul>

<h2 id="buddhist-texts" style="scroll-margin-top: 100px;">Major Buddhist Texts</h2>
<ul>
    <li>The Buddha's teaching was oral. He taught for 45 years, adapting the teaching to suit the group he was addressing.</li>
    <li>The Sangha memorized the teachings, and there were group recitations at festivals and special occasions.</li>
    <li>The teachings were rehearsed and authenticated at the First Council and were divided into Three Pitakas in 483 BC.</li>
    <li>His teachings were written down around 25 B.C.E. in Pali.</li>
</ul>

<h3>Three Pitakas</h3>
<p>The <b>Vinaya Pitaka</b> consists of rules of conduct and discipline applicable to the monastic life of the monks and nuns.</p>
<p>The <b>Sutta Pitaka</b> consists of the main teaching or Dhamma of Buddha. It is divided into five Nikayas or collections:</p>
<ul>
    <li>Digha Nikaya</li>
    <li>Majjhima Nikaya</li>
    <li>Samyutta Nikaya</li>
    <li>Anguttara Nikaya</li>
    <li>Khuddaka Nikaya</li>
</ul>
	
<p>The <b>Abhidhamma Pitaka</b> is a philosophical analysis and systematization of the teaching and the scholarly activity of the monks.</p>
<p>Other important Buddhist texts include Divyavadana, Dipavamsa, Mahavamsa, Milind Panha, etc.</p>
<h2 id="buddhist-councils" style="scroll-margin-top: 100px;">Buddhist Councils</h2>
<p>Buddhist Councils marked important turning points in early Buddhism.</p>
<p>These councils resulted in sectarian clashes and the eventual Great Schism that resulted in the two major schools, <b>Theravada</b> and <b>Mahayana.</b></p>
<p>In total, four major Buddhist councils were convened:</p>
<h3>First Council</h3>
<ul>
    <li>It was held soon after the Mahaparinirvan of the Buddha, around <b>483 BC,</b> under the patronage of <b>King Ajatshatru,</b> and was <b>presided by Mahakasyapa</b>, a monk.</li>
    <li>The council was held in <b>the Sattapani cave at Rajgriha.</b></li>
    <li>The council was held to preserve Buddha’s teachings (Sutta) and rules for disciples. During this council, the teachings of Buddha were divided into <b>three Pitakas.</b></li>
</ul>

<h3>Second Council</h3>
<ul>
    <li>It was held in <b>Vaishali</b>, a village in Bihar, under the <b>patronage of King Kalasoka in 383 BC.</b> It was <b>presided by Sabakami.</b></li>
</ul>

<h3>Third Council</h3>
<ul>
    <li>It was held in <b>250 BC in Patliputra</b> under the <b>patronage of Ashoka</b> and was <b>presided by Moggaliputta Tissa.</b></li>
</ul>

<h3>Fourth Council</h3>
<ul>
    <li>It was held in <b>72 (A.D) at Kundalvana, Kashmir.</b> It was <b>presided by Vasumitra, while Asvaghosa was his deputy</b> under the <b>patronage of King Kanishka of the Kushan Empire.</b></li>
    <li>Buddhism was divided into <b>two sects, namely Mahayana and Hinayana.</b></li>
</ul>

<h2 id="schools-buddhism" style="scroll-margin-top: 100px;">Schools of Buddhism</h2>
<ul>
    <li><b>Mahayana</b>
        <ul>
            <li>It is one of the two main schools of Buddhism.</li>
            <li>The term Mahayana is a Sanskrit word that means "Great Vehicle."</li>
            <li>It believes in the heavenliness of Buddha and <b>Idol worship of Buddha</b> and Bodhisattvas embodying Buddha Nature.</li>
            <li>It originated in northern India and Kashmir and then spread east into Central Asia, East Asia, and some areas of Southeast Asia.</li>
            <li>Buddhist schools embedded in China, Korea, Tibet, and Japan belong to the Mahayana tradition.</li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li><b>Hinayana</b>
        <ul>
            <li><b>Lesser vehicle</b>, also known as <b>Abandoned Vehicle or Defective vehicle</b>. It believes in the original teaching of <b>Buddha or the Doctrine of elders.</b></li>
            <li>It does not believe in Idol worship and tries to attain individual salvation through self-discipline and meditation.</li>
            <li>Theravada is a Hinayana sect.</li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li><b>Theravada</b>
        <ul>
            <li>It is the most ancient branch of extant Buddhism today.</li>
            <li>It remains closest to the original teachings of the Buddha.</li>
            <li>Theravada Buddhism developed in Sri Lanka and subsequently spread to the rest of Southeast Asia. It is the dominant form of religion in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.</li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li><b>Vajrayana</b>
        <ul>
            <li>Vajrayana means “The Vehicle of the Thunderbolt,” also known as tantric Buddhism.</li>
            <li>This Buddhist school was developed in India around 900 CE.</li>
            <li>It is grounded on esoteric elements and a very complex set of rituals compared with the rest of the Buddhist schools.</li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li><b>Zen</b>
        <ul>
            <li>It is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty as the Chan school of Chinese Buddhism and later developed into various schools.</li>
            <li>It spread to Japan in the 7th century C.E.</li>
            <li>Meditation is the most distinctive feature of this Buddhist tradition.</li>
        </ul>
    </li>
</ul>


<h2 id="spread-buddhism" style="scroll-margin-top: 100px;">Spread of Buddhism</h2>
<ul>
    <li>Buddha had two kinds of disciples – monks (bhikshus) and lay worshippers (upasakas).</li>
    <li>The monks were organized into the Sangha to spread his teachings.</li>
    <li>The Sangha was governed on democratic lines and was empowered to enforce discipline among its members.</li>
    <li>Owing to the organized efforts made by the Sangha, Buddhism made rapid progress in North India even during Buddha’s lifetime.</li>
    <li>After Buddha's death, his followers traversed on his path of meditation and roamed throughout the countryside.</li>
    <li>For 200 years, Buddhism remained overshadowed by its Hindu counterparts until the advent of <b>the Great Mauryan King – Ashoka.</b></li>
    <li>After the bloodbath in his Kalinga conquest, emperor Ashoka decided to give up the policy of world conquest and adopted the <b>Dhamma conquest.</b></li>
    <li>Ashoka During the third Buddhist council, 'Ashoka' dispatched various Buddhist missions to different areas such as Gandhara, Kashmir, Greece, Sri Lanka, Burma (Myanmar), Egypt, and Thailand.</li>
    <li>Through his missionary effect, Ashoka spread Buddhism into West Asia and Ceylon. Thus, a local religious sect was transformed into a world religion.</li>
</ul>
	
<h2 id="contribution-buddhism" style="scroll-margin-top: 100px;">Contribution of Buddhism to Indian Culture</h2>
<p>Buddhism has made a remarkable contribution to the development of Indian culture:</p>
<ul>
    <li>The concept of ahimsa was its chief contribution. Later, it became one of the cherished values of our nation.</li>
    <li>Its contribution to the art and architecture of India was notable. The stupas at Sanchi, Bharhut, and Gaya are wonderful pieces of architecture.</li>
    <li>It promoted education through residential universities like those at Taxila, Nalanda, and Vikramasila.</li>
    <li>The language of Pali and other local languages developed through the teachings of Buddhism.</li>
    <li>It had also promoted the spread of Indian culture to other parts of Asia.</li>
</ul>

Buddhism is a significant part of Indian history. It is an ancient religion based on Gautam Buddha's teachings. Continue reading to learn more about Buddhism!

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Notes on Buddhism in India | SSC CGL and SSC CHSL

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